Episode 137 – Randall Carlson – Asteroid Impacts, Climate Change and Human Origins

welcome to the human experience podcast the only podcast designed to fuse your left and right brain hemispheres and feed it the most entertaining and mentally engaging topics on the planet as we approach our ascent please make sure your frontal temporal and occipital loads are in their full upright position as you take your seat of consciousness relax your senses and allow us to take you on a chip we are the intimate strangers thank you for listening the

human experiences in session my name is Xavier katana we’ve got an incredible program planned for you guys today so sit back have a drink and enjoy this conversation our guest for today is mr. Randall Carlson Randall is a master builder an architectural designer he has over 40 years of experience as a researcher of ancient mysteries and as a geological Explorer by way of sacred geometry international and the Cosmo graphic Research Institute Randall investigates

and documents the catastrophic a tossed rafi Laden history of the world and also how earlier cultures were likely more advanced than previously thought in attempt to unlock the mysteries of the true origins of us as a species Randall wow what a mouthful welcome it’s a pleasure to have you here sir welcome to hxp well thanks for having me yeah I’ve been trying to get this conversation set up I’m so glad that we were finally able to

put it together so why don’t why don’t we kick this off with an introduction tell us you know for the people that don’t know tell us who you are what you do and how you got to doing what you do please oh well Xavier that’s a an interesting question it’s just something that I got interested in science you know is at a very early age I grew up in rural Minnesota where the effects of the great Ice Age were everywhere about us and so early on I just got interested in

nature the natural world I read a lot so I was always reading things about geology geography the weather you know mass extinctions I was very very interested in dinosaurs of course there’s a lot of boys and kids in general were back in the 50s and 60s so one thing kind of led to another and it was just a lifelong interest that I’ve kept up for for many decades now and once I kind of launched my business in the 80s and got to where I could

actually afford to do some traveling I have been traveling oh typically three or four times a year to investigate various sites of interest to me these could be geological sites they could be archeological sites or paleontological sites so in a very abbreviated version of it that’s kind of how it all came to be I majored in geology in college with a minor in astronomy so I had those two things kind of in my academic background

although I’ve not been a practicing professional geologist I’ve it’s been an avocation of mine now literally for about 35 years so I don’t take normal vacation sightseeing vacations I do you might say research trips and I’ll usually go with them several like-minded people who are interested in the same kind of things and we’ll go spend anywhere from one to two weeks two and a half weeks exploring various sites that are interesting to me that I feel that

are important in trying to you know shed light on this shifting paradigm that were in the middle of right now the realization that there’s a whole lot more to our history than had been previously recognized so that’s a big part and now it’s gotten to the point where I’m kind of I’ve accumulated enough mass of material and information that it seems like the next logical thing to do is to try to share this because I know there’s a lot of people

out there that are interested in the same kinds of things and perhaps in some of these areas I’ve got a bit of a head start so I can save people some time so yeah so I’m doing these podcasts and this is our first one so it’s that’s great to be here first of many hopefully well I mean I I heard about you through Joe show when you were on with Graham and Graham has been on the show a bunch of times as well and you know I there is something about

these questions that sort of I mean for those that of us that are seekers we’re looking for the answers to these questions who are we you are here is there God I mean these are big questions what are the origins of our species because it seems like the the origin of how humans came to this current point is is very concealed it’s very hidden from you know the purview of mainstream history so you know I want to set the the stage as it were let’s let’s paint a

picture for our audience and maybe maybe we can start with what is the current geological standing that historians have for the human species as it as it were now well of course geological sciences in the midst of an a major upheaval right now but for most of the 20th century the dominant paradigm was one of gradualism a very strict gradualism the the term that has been used it’s a mouthful it’s uniformitarianism which basically extrapolates into the past by

looking at things that are going on today and it was always considered to be pseudo-scientific to begin to try to look at forces or effects that we can’t see going on around us today so the uniformitarian method it is very powerful because obviously by making observations of processes that are currently underway and then extrapolating into the past we can learn a lot however when it becomes dogmatic then it becomes very limited because

it’s apparent now that yeah there are things that have transpired in Earth history that do not have a modern analogue and so what uniformitarian perspective gives us is the realization that yes there have been things that we can’t explain in terms of modern processes so you know this all began to shift back in 1980 was a major turning point when three separate teams all proposed that a major asteroid or comet impact had been responsible for

the cretaceous-tertiary mass extinction that killed off the dinosaurs and this kind of began to open the door for scientists to reconsider catastrophism in earth history because prior to that anybody who invoked anything that was you know unlike modern processes was considered to be a fringe you know pseudoscience all of that so you had you know what’s called the Velikovsky effect back in the 1950s when Immanuel Velikovsky wrote a series of books about

Earth’s cataclysmic past and he he wrote several books that were really have stood the test of time the main one being earth in upheaval where he you know in the mid-1950s there was a lot of anomalous information and data out there that did not fit into the uniformitarian paradigm and this came from multiple venues such as hard geological science observations within nature but it also came and this was what he was open to was the traditions of mythology and

legends and folklore that seemed to have this catastrophic implications to them you know stories about the great floods about fires from space great upheavals in nature so what he did in the mid-50s was he collected all of this stuff together that was pretty much available at that time well so far so good but then what he did was he attempted to explain it and interpret it and this is where he got attacked because he came up with a theory that you know

there are people who follow Velikovsky today who will kind of religiously hold to his his his theories of origin but he came up with an astrophysics that basically got savaged by the scientific community because you know he theorized that Mars and Venus were ejected from Jupiter and came very very close to the earth and it was these close passages of Mars and Venus that triggered the catastrophes the great floods and he had discussed a pole shift in there and and

then of course the astronomers went crazy over that idea however while in fact they then wrote a book called scientists confront Velikovsky where basically the whole book was a refutation of Velikovsky’s astrophysics however what they didn’t touch was his catastrophism research that came through unscathed nobody even attempted to refute some of the the the evidence for great catastrophes well fast-forward about 20 years and in the mid-70s Charles Hapgood

came out with a work called path of the pole where he essentially kind of did a Velikovsky approach and he collected together all of the evidence that had accrued in the interim that pointed to catastrophes in earth history and then his his attempt to explain that was through pole shifts and he theorized that perhaps there were triggers that could cause the the crust of the earth to slip over the mantle and that this crustal slippage is what had triggered

the catastrophes and again that got attacked in the end Hapgood sort of pulled back on that idea interestingly said well it definitely appears that great catastrophes have happened in Earth history I’m not sure if a pole shift was the cause of it and that was like I said I think that was 76 or 77 when he came out with that with path of the pole and then of course a few years later you get the the the extra really impact hypothesis of of like I

said multiple scientific teams Walter Alvarez was probably the most well known they were the ones who discovered the iridium layer at the KT or cretaceous-tertiary boundary over in Gubbio Italy and once they discovered that array diem they knew that a radium was essentially a cosmic material that it it was a it’s a side euro file which means that it likes iron and it binds to iron so if the assumption was in the early days of the earth all the iridium

that would have been at the surface of the earth bound to iron and then as the iron subsided into towards the the core of the earth that took all the iridium with it which left the crust of the earth deficient in iridium however it’s known from the study of meteorites that they are very rich in iridium so when they found this iridium layer right there at the the what they call it the magic boundary layer which is only a few inches thick and they knew

that below that the dinosaurs had existed but up that above that there were no more dinosaurs it was like the end of the Mesozoic era which was the great era of middle life so they found this iridium layer and they said well could this possibly be the result of some kind of a cosmic impact so they began to contact colleagues around the world who subsequently began to look at other Cretaceous tertiary boundary outcrops and that everyone they looked

at they found this iridium layer so from the amount of iridium that they could now estimate had been deposited worldwide knowing the percentage of iridium that would be in an asteroid for example they were able to calculate that that it would require an asteroid about six miles in diameter to distribute this much iridium around the globe and then from that they were able to determine that well if a six mile asteroid hit the earth what size of a crater would it

would it create so they then extrapolated and and and estimated that a crater of maybe somewhere a hundred to 150 miles in diameter this is all in the early 80s okay then we get to the early 90s and lo and behold they discover the cheek Shalhoub crater buried under the northern yucatán Peninsula of Mexico and it dates to exactly the cretaceous-tertiary boundary so there we go so that pretty much shut up all the doubters and the skeptics who are trying

to say oh no it was a much longer process a slow you know much more protracted you know an impact would be all of a sudden right but you also had paleontologists taking a much closer look at the layers going right up to the boundary and what they discovered was that yeah it does appear that that the dinosaurs were prolific right up to the boundary and then boom they were gone so when I followed all that you know I followed all that and you know it just

it intensified my interest in catastrophes what I got more interested in though was was the ice ages and because I grew up in in in a landscape that had pretty much been sculpted by the great glaciers because right where we lived was near the margin of this what’s called the Laurentide Ice Sheet this massive five thousand five million square mile Ice Sheet that covered three-quarters of Canada down till you know twelve eleven twelve thirteen

thousand years ago so right there where we lived was on the fluctuating margin of that Ice Sheet so what it did was it created all kinds of unique interesting landscapes and you know I used to get this impression even as a small boy that there was something there there was something hiding in the landscape some kind of story and so only later when I grew up you know did I begin to understand that yes indeed there’s a there’s a very profound story

whose it’s being preserved in these landscapes and so that’s came how it went I mean like as I think about I’m sure there’d be many other points along the way that I would say yes that was a seminal point where I really got interested in this sort of thing it’s fascinating I mean the research you’re doing it’s uncovering so much and there’s so much information to pack in what you just said but I’m sure you heard about this on Wednesday last week

I think it was on there was an asteroid that narrowly quote missed earth overnight and these astronomers had no idea that it was right next to our earth so it seems that maybe these catastrophes are more common than we would generally think that they are that’s one of the things I’ve been arguing now for years Xavier interestingly maybe by coincidence several weeks before I was I did an interview on Russia today actually it was it was around asteroid day which is

June 30th and I’m there I basically said you know we can expect these things are now coming by us about once a month so you know and I made the point that a lot of times they’re coming by us and we don’t know that they’re that they’re right on us until boom we see them flying by out there that’s what that’s a scary concept yes yes and you know this one was estimated to be as possibly as big as excuse me 400 feet in diameter now you’ve probably heard of the

Tunguska event of 1908 in Siberia have not ok Tunguska in 1908 Siberia very very important event for people to know about okay this was a probably a piece of the comet Encke II which is a member of the torrid meteor stream came in flew into the atmosphere early on the morning of June 30th 1908 near just north of Lake Baikal in Siberia and it was a lower density object so like I said it was about 150 feet in diameter and what happens when a lower density object

comes into the Earth’s atmosphere it the atmosphere tends to pile up in front of it if you will and create so much pressure that the object will actually explode before it hits the ground so this is exactly what happened with this Tunguska event of 1908 it exploded the estimate is up about five miles in the atmosphere and the blast wave radiated out and it flattened where where it exploded was over old-growth taiga forest so we’re talking about forests of trees

that are two and three feet in diameter but eight hundred and twenty or thirty miles square miles of that old-growth taiga forest was completely flattened and and when you look at the the aerial diagrams of it what happened is that there was the epicenter of the blast the shockwave came down and was so hot about two hundred miles directly below the epicenter got incinerated to almost nothing then as you go outside of that the trees are broken off and splayed

over in a radiating pattern from the epicenter so by studying the pattern of tree destruction the the geologists were able to contend astronomers and other scientists who are looking at this we’re able to calculate the intensity of the blast wave how much pressure it was the pressure wave from that last actually encompassed the planet twice and berra berra graphs which our atmospheric pressure devices had just been installed like a couple of years before in England

so they were able to in unbeknownst to them see that’s the thing when this event happened nobody really knew but in England the they were monitoring these Barrow graphs and they saw that a pressure wave passed over England and nobody knew what it was and then 11 hours later a second one passed over England they still didn’t know what it was but they made you know notes and records of this and it was only like 20-some years later after Russian

scientists got to the site of the Tunguska blast that they were able to put two and two together and realize well that pressure wave passed over England something like an hour after the blast in Siberia a couple that maybe it was a couple of hours so then they realized and from that they were then able to conclude or derive considerably more information about the nature of the blast now that the intensity or energy released during that atmospheric blast

has been estimated to be around the equivalent of a 15 Megaton hydrogen bomb explosion Wow now 15 Megaton hydrogen bomb is about the size that is the size of the largest nuclear warheads in the American arsenal back in the 60s and 70s during the peak of the Cold War and basically a 15 Megaton bomb could wipe out any sizable metropolitan area on earth because they were they were a bomb of that size was known as a city buster because basically you drop it on any

major city you know I’m near Atlanta but could be Washington DC it could be LA it could be Chicago doesn’t matter you’ve pretty much destroyed the whole city it’s for sure yeah and and if the object that came by the earth last week was estimated to have been possibly up to 427 feet in diameter yeah well because assuming it is that it’s a roughly very roughly circular object volume scales as the cube of the radius so what that means is that you

you look at an object to get its volume like with Tunguska you would go the radius which say is 75 feet that cubed then that times basically 4/3 so the formulas 4/3 R to the third power and then that gives you the volume so if you take the volume of this object using that formula it’s about 18 times larger actually than the Tunguska so you can think of it essentially as being in the ballpark of 18 times more powerful than the Tunguska blast if that thing had

struck the earth Wow now a blast of that power that’s not only a city buster that could take and that could pretty much like wipe out an entire state well what what state are you and Xavier where are you looking like I’m on the East Coast okay well yeah so I mean it’s gone and I am it it’s gone if something like that happens for sure yes they think of the state of Virginia something the size of the state of Virginia you would pretty

much have total devastation and it would be even worse if the object fragmented into multiple pieces and and again one of the things that happens is that you know when when they drop the bomb on here it bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki back in 1945 you know most people think they imagine a bomb falling and then hits the ground and it explodes well that’s not how this was done this thing was detonated those those atomic bombs were detonated in the atmosphere because

what happens is if it hits the ground then the ground absorbs a lot of the of the energy they wanted to release as much energy into the atmosphere as possible because that increases the radius of destruction see so an object that that let’s say the size of the of the asteroid last week if it comes by and hit fragments as it’s coming into the atmosphere it would actually turn into more like a shotgun blast you see you might have you could have half a

dozen or ten or twenty pieces of that coming in and that would spread out as its as its penetrating the atmosphere and really create a tremendous amount of surface destruction I mean and when we look at you know how many times this has happened in in the history of civilization I mean how many times do you think that this has happened this has occurred on earth I mean hey it seems like I mean this happens over and over but does do in your research do you

get to a point where you see humans build up to a certain point in technological advancement and then there’s a cataclysm followed by a flood or is there a pattern that we can look at well yeah it seems of course one of the things that’s coming from these studies is that yeah these kinds of cosmic encounters happen with much greater frequency than anybody was imagining even a few decades ago um and you see here’s the thing about Xavier to

think about with with Tunguska there was no crater you know cratering like I don’t know if you know meteor crator the famous crater in Arizona heard it’s okay there’s there’s um there’s a crater in Arizona near near Winslow and it’s about a kilometer wide and 600 feet deep and it was it was caused by the impact into the ground of an iron asteroid now it was estimated to be roughly in the ballpark of the same size as the Tunguska event

here’s the difference though tangu ski event is a much lower density object it was you know it was almost certainly a piece of a comet so therefore its density is not going to be you know the dead density is is based upon the density of water which is one gram per cubic centimeter right if you go out and you pick up an average rock next to a creek or river that’s going to be around three grams per cubic centimeter a piece of cast iron is going

to be about double that see now when an object let’s picture an object 100 150 feet in diameter if it’s low-density like 10 gusto it will explode in the atmosphere but if it’s a higher density if it’s more like an iron asteroid which would be you can imagine imagine if the objects that the earth might encounter run the gamut from on one end you might have an object that’s no more dense than a snowball on the other end you might have an object

that’s the same density as a piece of cast iron and then you’ve got everything in between there’s a whole continuum and snowball cast iron those are kind of you know oversimplified terms those are the end points of that continuum so the object in Arizona was primarily iron an iron based meteorite and this is known because you can find pieces of the of the meteorite that are distributed all around the the impact crater so that’s

the difference if you have an iron object or a higher density object it will tend to penetrate the atmosphere strike the earth and leave an impact crater eventually the impact crater will get obscured by erosion and set entry infield and things like that and then it becomes what’s called an astral gleam which means star wound and it’s maybe not necessarily an obvious hole in the ground if you pull up pictures savior of meteor crater Arizona you’ll

see pictures and it’s a big obvious ball shaped hole in the ground okay okay if you’re following this so far here’s the significance the lower density objects like Tengu sky are five to ten times more prevalent than the higher density objects that leave observable impact scars in the earth so the significance of that is is when we start crater counting that will not necessarily give us an accurate assessment of how many times we’re encountering things from

space right because the estimates are that the the meteor crater in Arizona happened somewhere from 25 to 50 thousand years ago so let’s say it happened you know 30 or 40 thousand years ago the hole is still there right with Tunguska what you had was you had forest blowdown and within another century or two there won’t be really any obvious evidence that this tremendously destructive thing happened there see now when you consider that the Tunguska type

encounters might be as much as ten times more frequent than a meteor crater type encounter now you begin to realize well yes so we’re realizing that these kinds of encounters could be way more abundant than anybody had imagined and and again you know and one that one day I’ll say that’s one of the other things that that has emerging from from modern research about the structure of meteor showers and so on and which are all generated

from the disintegration of comets is that there could perhaps be clustered impacts periods of of higher higher than normal encounters between earth and this cosmic debris and that’s a very interesting idea so there may be periods of clustered bombardment in fact going back to the KT boundary of 66 million years ago when the dinosaurs disappeared it now appears that there was maybe a half a dozen impacts clustered around that boundary and one

of the reasons that some of the early critics said well there’s evidence that the dinosaurs were already on the way out before the big impact well that was probably true but there were three or four smaller impacts leading up to the big one and then there were several more after the big ones so what you had was a period of clustered bombardment and by the time it was all over yeah the entire biosphere had been completely remodeled

and dinosaurs were no longer part of it absolutely incredible Wow just to hear you speak about all this I mean it it’s it’s amazing to me just to think at how frequent this is and not as a matter of you know if but more of a matter of when this is going to occur I mean it and it makes me it makes me wonder you know what what is the solution for something like this I mean let’s say that I mean would would an early warning system even

be something that I don’t know mainstream the powers that be would release to us because it would just create a panic around Earth right if this was there was an asteroid coming at us I mean most likely you’re going to want to be subdued you know you’re not gonna want to know about this I mean leave that’s what they’re going to think right so I mean is there any viable solution to this event that seems to be happening quite often yes well step

number one which has been advocated for a couple of decades now by you know the astronomers and scientists that have been following this is that we need to begin counting we we need a census of the things that are in space because and that have the potential to become earth crossers because because you have to understand it you’ve got two types of trajectories out there that could potentially involved impacts with earth one is you’ve got a hyperbolic orbit the

geometry of the orbits hyperbolic a hyperbolic geometry is open-ended so if an object comes in and it’s in it’s determined to be on a hyperbolic orbit what that means is it’s gonna come in make a passage around the Sun and then it’s gonna head back out into space and it’s never coming back again but then you’ve got elliptical orbits and they’re usually you can almost think of like a ping-pong game between the Sun and Jupiter you can have these long-term

orbits that are hyperbolic if they come close enough to planets the gravitational effects of the planets and prepare because that’s that’s the big boy of the of the of the bunch there the geometry of their orbit can be altered and what is an open-ended hyperbola can become a closed ellipse now once it becomes a closed ellipse it’s gonna stay in this cosmic ping-pong game between Jupiter and the Sun back and forth okay now that comet is going to then

begin to undergo a process because when a comet is in deep space out the way out there it is going to be essentially in deep freeze right there’s going to be something that occurs probably on the stellar or galactic level that upsets the reservoirs of comets that exist out beyond the orbit of Neptune and there are these hypothetical reservoirs one is called the Kuiper disc and the other one’s called a word cloud and they contain potentially billions of comets

now if you have an event that that occurs on the Galactic level and this is all still theoretical but something apparently will cause the dislodging of comets from this very delicate orbit that they’re in way out there and it can send them this cascading event into the inner solar system and it turns out that the planets the outer planets happened to be spaced just exactly what they would need to be in order to basically draw these comets in Neptune for example

if Neptune captures a comet Neptune can then hand that comet off to your – Uranus can hand that off to Jupiter then Jupiter which is like the big boy of the system will do one of two things it will gravitationally accelerate that comet which means that then heads back out into space or it will decelerate the comet which means it begins to drop in towards the Sun at that point it can become an earth crosser meaning that its orbit can intersect the orbit of the

earth now once that object comes into that orbit between Jupiter and Earth it will begin to it will become active because comets are loaded with volatile for example so once they begin to heat up and once they come into the gravitational force fields of the inner planets in the Sun they will become active and they they will start outgassing and then they will start actually disintegrating and one comet nucleus can become multiple nuclei we

saw this actually happened back in 1994 when comet shoemaker-levy 9 made a very close pass by Jupiter and a single comet nucleus was ripped into 21 separate pieces and so what you now had was a single large comet nucleus gave birth to 21 smaller nuclei once the the astronomers were able to track the the geometric shape and the velocity of those pieces they’re able to now predict where it’s going to be and when and that’s when they realized that 12 months

later it was going to impact Jupiter and sure enough it did in in the summer of 1994 you had 21 impacts into into the Jovian atmosphere and so what we learned from that was a number of things is that that it’s very typical for one comet nucleus once it comes into the inner solar system and becomes active it can begin to undergo a hierarchy of disintegrations so what that then means is that now its orbit its orbital path begins to becomes littered with that

debris of the disintegrating comet and each year when we have media streams like we just experienced the the Orionids right so when you have meteor streams whether it’s the Leonids of the torrents and the Dragon Age or the Perseids each of these meteor streams is associated with the disintegrating comet now the idea is that when the comet initially begins to disintegrate there will be areas within its within its orbital pathway if you

want where this material is byproduct of its of its disintegration it’s going to be more densely clustered and in other places where it might be much less frequent lots more sparse if you follow what I’m saying so if those orbits intersect the Earth’s orbit then the critical issue is is the earth passing through that orbit when the density of material is relatively low meaning the probabilities of an impact on Earth are relatively low or is the earth passing

through the stream at a point where the material in the stream is much more dense imagine this is a view you’re driving along this is the analogy I use you’re driving along a country road and you’re there’s nobody else on the road except you so you can kick back you know you can listen to tunes you know you can you know look at your iPhone or whatever but now you’re coming up to an intersection right now that intersection is a major highway now when you’re

crossing that intersection that’s when you’ve got to be careful because now suddenly the potential for a catastrophe is increasing and the other factor is is that you know if it’s a major roadway you know like any roadways around any urban area and in in the u.s. you know that if you’re out there driving at 5 or 6 p.m. there’s gonna be a whole lot more traffic than if you’re driving it at 5 a.m. or 4 a.m. or 3 a.m. in the morning

right well the same analogy holds it depends on you’re not only crossing the stream or crossing the highway it’s also how much traffic is there at the time you’re crossing so we cross the the torrid meteor stream twice each year right most of the time we pass through it and what we get is a is a fairly impressive meteor shower meaning that the material that we’re encountering is just small it might be this of a fingernail up to a few feet in

diameter if you got a an object that’s a few feet in diameter coming into the atmosphere it creates a magnificent fireball but so excuse me so the the idea here is that the Tunguska object was June thirtieth which is the peak of the summer time towards it it also came from the direction of the Sun well because this toward MediaStream picture it’s going out not quite to Jupiter it turns around and it comes back and as it’s coming down towards the Sun it’s

accelerating in its velocity it sort of slingshots around the Sun in what’s called its perihelion passage it comes back from around the Sun and then begins to head back out towards Jupiter so when we cross the stream in midsummer around June 30th if you’re looking up the stream from the direction that these meteors are coming from you’re looking towards the Sun so they tend to be invisible and and what happened was on an early morning of June 30th you know

people didn’t see this thing till the last minute it was already in the atmosphere coming through the atmosphere when people began to see it now the other peak when we’re crossing the stream the second time is centered right around Halloween in fact the torrents have been sometimes referred to as the Halloween meteors now at this point we’re crossing the stream but the stream is coming from the direction of Jupiter so you’re looking out into space away

from the Sun so now you can actually see the meteor stream you can see the meteors coming in some but but again the whole point I’m trying to make see is that the two torrid meteor stream probably originated from a giant comet that came into the solar system between 25 and 30 thousand years ago begin to undergo this hierarchy of disintegrations littered near-earth space with the byproducts of its of its disintegration and earth has from time

to time encountered this stuff and the last time it happened on a major scale was 1908 although right after seismometers were placed on the moon during the Apollo program I think it was they were still operating I think it was 1976 on June 29th or 30th there was a clustered bombardment on the moon that was almost certainly torrid meteor stream in in origin and there’s been a number of other interesting encounters that were likely torrid meteor stream related so

that’s a little bit how it works it’s you know it’s it’s a complex system and it’s not you know a lot of the critics early on were imagining that well if you had a mass extinction event it was caused by an impact that should have just been one event clean it’s done it’s over with right because what they’re imagining is a single impact that and they’re and they’re also doing crater counting so right there if you’re only relying on

crater counting you’re not gonna get an accurate determination of how many times earth encounters cosmic it’s long to breathe yeah right so what they were doing was they were crater counting and saying well based on this we know that it’s you know major impacts that we need to worry about only happened say every million years right well this this is really what is done is created a false sense of security because that’s not the

case at all and and and the big impacts like the dinosaur impact yes that these things are very infrequent but you know a dinosaur scale impact is basically going to wipe out civilization completely probably cause the extinction of the human species because if you look at what’s now known about that KT impact I mean it was pretty pretty wild stuff I mean you had global fire storms you had you know you had acid rain with a pH of

one that you know on large parts of the planet now pH of 1 that’s battery acid you know try to imagine a global rain storm a battery acid you know how did anything survive you know seismologists have looked at it and said well with an impact of that intensity you probably had fair of every fault lion on earth you also had gigantic volcanism going on the Deccan Traps of India seemed to Corin side with the impact they may have actually been triggered by the force of

the impact that in turn then began to eject billions of tons of sulfuric aerosols into the into the atmosphere which then would have added to the chaos of that time so but the thing is my point is an event like that is not really the thing that we need to be concerned about in my opinion what we need to be concerned about is the smaller stuff that could perhaps take out the east coast of the United States not cause a mass extinction of the human

species but could cause economic destruction that would take literally decades to recover from yeah I mean the the system as it is seems to be built on toothpicks I mean you you move one toothpick around even a little bit and suddenly you find you know this this havoc I mean just for an example I I was I was traveling a couple weekends ago and striving up on the highway and there was an incident reported a little bit north and there was traffic backed up

for miles miles and miles miles so I mean if if there if there’s an event that maybe isn’t as big as something that that caused the dinosaurs to be extinct but small enough that it could take out something like a major city then I mean it’s it’s definitely something that we need to be aware of and conscious of I mean uh it seems like it seems like that that mainstream media has sort of prepared us in a way for these types of events I mean there’s

there’s a lot of apocalyptic type P Matic movies that are coming out in the mainstream do you think that there’s any correlation or connection do you think that humans just have some sort of fascination with this this type of thing this type of theme or is it something more well I think that you know we carry this imprint you know our ancestors suffered through huge catastrophes you know the the could not the cretaceous-tertiary

but the Younger Dryas catastrophe of twelve thousand eight hundred to 13,000 years ago was a major global event and it did cause a mass extinction a mass extinction of about half of the great megafauna species of Earth it caused the sudden extinction of the Clovis culture that was very prevalent in North America so we do have in our immediate past a global event that was not as severe as the cretaceous-tertiary boundary but in its

own way was probably when you go back and you begin to look at the evidence for catastrophic events in Earth history it’s pretty safe to say that the Younger Dryas boundary catastrophe may have been the most severe event in somewhere between 3 & 5 million years and so really our modern history emerges out of that event you know we the human population I think the evidence is now pretty overwhelming that the human population took a major hit you know

when you when you start thinking about the the amazing megafauna that was living throughout the the ice ages you know the the mastodons and the four species of mammoths and the giant ground sloths and the cave bears and the huge camels and I mean you got a list of about a hundred and twenty of these amazing mega mammals that roamed the earth and right around the time of the Younger Dryas pounder II they went extinct and you know there been various

theories as to what caused this extinction and the dominant one really since the fifties and sixties has been that human hunting was to blame human predation but for many many reasons and we could do a whole conversation just on this for many reasons that idea is now untenable because the extinction happened too fast the the the estimates for the number of people on the earth during the latter stages of the of the Ice Age let’s say

fourteen to fifteen to sixteen thousand years ago was less than the number of of woolly mammoths so you know then you from that you’re going to surmise that paleo-indian hunters on foot using Spears were able to exterminate somewhere around 10 million woolly mammoths worldwide so quick that they weren’t able to reproduce the species you know the idea just really becomes almost laughable what do you think about it but but that was the dominant idea

and you know that idea has now been challenged it’s been challenged all the way along but but it seemed to fit the narrative because the idea now is man is destroying nature on earth and anything that can now be invoked to support the contention that that humans are bad for the planet is given a lot of press and so you know this is not to say that we you know don’t have a have a bad imprint in a lot of ways we do but in some ways

you know we may actually end up being the salvation for the planet because the human species are the one species out of all of the species on earth now that can anticipate the next impact and what we realize now is that impacts like you even said earlier much more frequent than anybody he’d even imagined and you know there are five great mass extinctions in Earth history the the the terminal Ordovician the late devonian the Jurassic Triassic the Cretaceous

tertiary all of these extinction events are associated with either gigantic volcanism or impacts and so and there may be a connection between these large-scale volcanic events and impacts there may be a connection between collapses and reversals of the geomagnetic field and cosmic impacts and there certainly is a direct connection between extinction of species and cosmic impacts were to me this thing now gets really interesting is now when we start talking

about the extinction of human civilizations in the past because we may be looking at the same mechanism there will be times when nature just convulses and I think that the that the most evidence is now pointing for a cosmic trigger behind these convulsions of terrestrial nature that have led to mass extinctions and complete complete reorganizations of the biosphere I mean yeah think about this as Avior you know up until about thirteen thousand years

ago half over half of North America had a climate like the South Pole and you had these massive ice sheets you had the Laurentide ice sheet that was sent out over Hudson Bay it may have been as much as two miles thick then you had to Cordilleran ice sheet that covered all of the Canadian Rockies and up into Alaska and between those two you had somewhere between six and seven million square miles of the Earth’s surface buried under ice right when all of that

ice accumulated what that meant was that ocean levels had to go down correspondingly in other words you’ve now taken six or seven million cubic miles of water out of the ocean basins frozen it as glacial ice and accumulated on the continents right so now when ocean levels go down 400 feet you’re exposing most of the continental shelves that RIM every continent on Earth right so now during the Ice Age you’ve got this whole ecosystem that emerges on

these continental shelves right and if you had humans during that time the most benign place to live the best the most favorable real estate would have been coastlines of the earth because the oceans would have helped to moderate the the severe cold of the of the Ice Age and so if you had human cultures evolving during the Ice Age just like when you look at the the origin of modern human culture into into this you know global culture that we’ve got now

it starts with port cities in those port cities become places of trade they become part of a network of economic exchange and just as we see civilization forming on coastlines in the last three to five hundred years it would have been natural for villages and communities of people even if there were cities for them to form on the coastlines well those coastlines now Xavier four hundred feet under ocean water so you know that’s part of the

reason why I say it’s premature to close the book and say well we know that thirteen fourteen fifteen thousand years ago the only thing people were doing was leading a hunter-gatherer existence and they never got beyond that until the Industrial Revolution or whatever see because once you begin to understand how how extremely this planet has been remodeled over and over again you realize well whatever existed here before we shouldn’t be surprised that

we’re not finding much evidence of something you know so the thing we got to do is I think is first of all is to begin to Counting these though try to locate you mean the estimates are now that we maybe know ten percent of the potential earth impactors out there so the key to surviving an event like that is how much mean time do we have you know what we learned from this event last week was zero lead time right now if that thing had come into the

atmosphere we’d be picking up the pieces for years to come and we would have and if it had happened over a populated area there could have potentially been millions of casualties the economic consequences of that would have like I said would have been felt for years and and see that thing Xavier is just a small object you know if an object a thousand feet in diameter now you’re looking at something you know a hundred times Tunguska and and that would that an

object of that size could take out the entire East Coast if it hit the oceans it would generate huge tsunamis that making landfall might have been two to three hundred feet you know there been an order of magnitude beyond the the the big tsunamis that we saw hit Japan and Indonesia in the last couple of decades so that the consequences of it would be severe it wouldn’t cause a mass extinction like the KT but it would cause economic repercussions and huge

mortality events locally it could cause mass extinctions so what we need to be doing is we need we need a census of these things and this is why I’m a firm believer that we need to move forward with it with a vigorous space program because right now basically we’re sitting ducks and and if we have a vigorous space program you know we’re in a position to react to it to respond to it and and you know really if we if we detect an earth impact or early enough

mm-hmm really all you got to do is nudge the darn thing you know and then a direct impact can become a why miss just with a nudge see so you know there’s any number of proposals on the drawing boards for asteroid impact mitigation Rindell all that would be yeah go ahead I mean let me bump in for a second here you know I’m curious about all this you know because if if you’re anything like me you know there’s your your senses are

kind of in tune to this this vibration or frequency or whatever is going on here not exactly sure how to define it but it feels like my antenna is up for these events when when they’re happening when they’re coming worldwide events you could see the work of dr. Roger Nelson the global consciousness project it seems like humans are linked into a global network of consciousness where they’re communicating in some way about you know what’s going to happen so you

know today I was reading something that was trending on Twitter today that the Greenland ice sheet braces for record single day meltdown after Europe heat wave moves north I mean there’s there seems to be so drastic climate change that we’re encountering this freak weather it’s Brecker breaking weather I mean would you you’ve written on the effects of co2 and you’ve talked about how carbon is there is there’s a demonization of that

you know what do you think is happening when we’re looking at these these extreme weather phenomenon well I’m kind of glad you brought that up because you know I’ve been studying weather and extreme weather for years and years it’s part of the thing that I look at and you know I’ve cataloged these extraordinary events that have have occurred over and over and over again on any timescale you can look at and you know again this would be something that would be

probably the subject of a whole discussion in itself but compared to some of the things that we’ve looked at in the recent past I personally I don’t think we see anything that’s that unprecedented now if you want to talk about droughts yeah we’ve had droughts that are way way more severe than anything we’ve seen in the last 50 years if you want to talk about floods yeah we’ve had these enormous floods that have you know wiped out entire

watersheds we’ve you know forest fires you know one of the things that I’ve studied and written considerably about is some of the great forest fires of the 19th century and these forest fires were just phenomenal and they were just on a scale that makes them almost unbelievable you know there was a the Peshtigo fire of 1871 one of the interesting coincidences bizarre coincidences probably everybody’s heard of the Great Chicago

Fire right mrs. O’Leary’s cow kicking over the lantern you ever heard of that sure yeah sure the Great Chicago Fire well if you as I have done I’ve gone through the literature and read over and over the the the eyewitness accounts and the the write-ups about the Chicago Fire and it basically started at nine clock on Sunday evening October 8 1871 and Chicago Fire to this day is still the the most devastating urban fire in American history the most devastating

forest fire in terms of sheer mortality was the Peshtigo Wisconsin fire and here’s what’s interesting you read the accounts about that the eyewitness accounts and and so forth they’re able to pinpoint the inception of that fire and guess what 9 9 o’clock p.m. Sunday October 8 1871 in other words that the most devastating urban fire and the most devastating forest fire in American history started simultaneously right in both cases what you see is that in terms

of Peshtigo people described how the fire came out of the sky and it lit the treetops on fire first just like in Chicago they’re describing how the fire is coming out of the sky and sets the tops of buildings and church steeples and things like that on fire first now the Peshtigo fire basically was like a cyclone of fire that wiped out thousands of square miles within a day within a day then there was the Hinkley fire of 1883 same thing it was a

cyclonic firestorm that consumed a swath of a forest that was about 20 to 30 miles wide and 50 miles long and it did this literally in a matter of a few hours and the flame column was so high that it could be seen from Duluth which is a city up on the shore of Lake Superior well the distance between Hinkley Minnesota and Duluth is far enough that if you were able to see the flame column it means that the flame column had to be at least five miles

high so I could go through this whole litany of hurricanes of tornado spells forest fires floods and by the droughts and by the end of this you’d go oh my god this stuff is what we’re experiencing in the last decade or two really isn’t worse than than that and as far as the global warming you know when you look at it carbon dioxide carbon dioxide is very very critically important as a greenhouse gas in the first fifty two hundred parts per

million but it’s thermal capture ability drops off very rapidly after about a hundred parts per million so that the the curve that it actually describes in terms of thermal capture is a logarithmic curve so that means it’s it’s diminishing almost like in a reverse exponential curve so each incremental increase in carbon dioxide is doing less and less in terms of capturing long wave solar radiation emanating from the earth and the way

that computer models are structured in order to ramp up the effects of carbon dioxide is to introduce positive feed feedback amplification primarily through water vapor and so the idea is that you’re going to get this runaway positive feedback amplification because the even though the carbon dioxide is acknowledged to not really have much additional thermal capture it has enough that it increases the water vapor in water vapor of course is the primary

greenhouse gas that far and away over dominates carbon dioxide but then that uptick in in in water vapor now then causes this feedback that causes more emission of carbon dioxide presumably from the soil from from the oceans from peat bogs and so on then that causes more water vapor to go into the atmosphere which causes more outgassing of carbon dioxide but the point is is that without those positive feedback amplifications the thermal capture

ability of carbon dioxide is by the time it hits 400 parts per million is pretty much exhausted because it only deals it’s only interested carbon dioxide is only interested in that wavelength of say about 14 to 16 micrometers micrometer Zoar microns right and that is pretty much that little window is pretty much already saturated so it’s just like if you had a sponge and you put it on the tape it’s a dry sponge and you start pouring

water on it that sponge is gonna suck up the water suck up the water it’s gonna keep doing it until the Sun till it gets saturated the point gets saturated you add more water but the water is now gonna just run out of the sponge it’s gonna leak right so in a sense that’s what’s happening once that 14 to 16 micron window wavelength micron window gets saturated now it’s just leaking out into space so I think from my own studies I think the Sun is a much bigger

factor and we again we could do a whole discussion about the Sun and what we now know about the Sun and it’s it’s a much more dynamic you see for most of the 20th century the the assumption was of the solar constant and the idea that the the radiant output of the Sun didn’t very enough to even bother with and so when the IPCC was launched in early 90s all the computer modelers ignored the role of the Sun because they were still

believing this this model of the so called solar constant and therefore because the Sun is invariable we do not need even bother with it in our in our models but as it turns out every tons of research since then have shown that oh no the Sun is actually considerably more dynamic and variable than was being assumed 30 or 40 years ago so and so sorry no let me just be really quick we’ve got our first super chat thank you so much for $2 never so clever as this

if you’d like a question for Randall please do send a super chats to help us keep this going here but he never so clever as this asks for you Randall our preventive force fires a realistic task burning off the underbrush yes I would say it is and I think the Native Americans understood that and that’s why they deliberately set forest fires because what has happened is because of our environmental policies over the last 30 or 40 years it’s it’s allowed the

accumulation of a huge fuel load on the forest floors and these field catastrophic fires you know in California has had one of the most draconian hands-off policies you know there are going to be there’s going to be natural mortality of forests that that have nothing to do with with human activity so at some point you know trees do die and you know back fifty years ago you had the Forest Service stratagem was to create firebreaks you know they had

roads that they would maintain at that firefighting equipment could get into well a lot of those roads have been closed down I mean I I traveled through the western states all the time and I can I can testify that roads that were accessible even in the 90s are now gated you can’t get in and the roads are basically growing back there’s now trees and stuff even if they open the gates you couldn’t drive on them now because you’ve got saplings and things that are

you know ten and twenty and thirty feet high growing where you used to be roads well when you have a forest fire you want to get the forest fire fighting equipment in there but you see that the that’s been compromised by the hands-off policy and you know Native Americans didn’t have a hands-off policy they regularly this is well known now they regularly set forest fires because what they would do is they would be non catastrophic they would basically burn

off the the dead debris and the fuel load that was accumulating on the forest floor and the large trees would come through unscathed but now we’ve got these crown fires because there’s so much fuel load I mean there are millions and millions of dead trees in in in California forests right now and they finally begun to change their policy a little bit and say well yeah we could go and we can begin to harvest some of that dead timber well they’re forced to

because that dead timber is what leads to these catastrophic fires but even even the catastrophic fires in California last year year before when you look at some of the the fires we were talking about the past you go fire the Hinkley fire or the the the grape the big burn of 1910 and I and Idaho or the New Brunswick fires that happened in the early part of the nineteenth century these are fire storms that are in a category all by themselves and they are

so extreme that that they’re almost impossible to comprehend I mean think about that you know pietà the five-mile flame column for the Hinkley fire of 1883 what does that mean I mean you’re talking about trees that are one hundred and hundred and fifty feet high right how the hell do you get a five mile flame column out of that so there’s there’s something else going on there that we haven’t figured out yet and I’ve got some theories on that and I’ve

written on it and there’s a couple of videos up online where I am talking about that in more detail these catastrophic fires but I guess the point is when you immerse yourself in the study of global change you realize that yeah there have been freakish things going on all along and you can’t go you know think about this Xavier the big witch pogroms of the 1600s fifteen and 1600s most of those tens of thousands of wise women that were in a lot of cases burned

at the stake or hung or or or you know kicked out of the the in most cases they were actually they were killed but they were basically if you look what you see happening every time you’ve got one of these increases in the frequency of which pogroms it’s after a freakish weather because they’re getting blamed for you know there’ll be some extraordinarily cold summer so the crops die in the field and people get hungry so they’re looking for a scapegoat so

what they now do is they burn a thousand witches at the stake and that the in their minds they now believe that they’ve addressed the problem I kind of look at carbon dioxide as being like our modern which we want to blame everything on carbon dioxide when in fact I think that the really the big factor affecting the warming of the last century is the Sun because you got to keep in mind as a viewer that that you know we came out of

three to four hundred years of a period called the Little Ice Age now the Little Ice Age is considered to have been one of the cold episodes of the entire Holocene the Holocene is 11600 years old we’re in the Holocene now it’s the geological epoch that followed in the wake of the great Ice Age right so when the ice sheets melted you know 11 to 13 thousand years ago melted away it completely changed the the the the biosphere of the planet

like you know we were talking about sea levels coming up drowning those continental shelves millions of square miles of continental shelf that were exposed during the late glacial maximum with a lowered 400-foot lowered sea level all that all those ecosystems they were drowned so all of that was lost right so think about the the change that would be involved if we were to somehow able to turn Antarctica the South Pole into a climate like North America how

would we do it how would nature do it nobody has any idea but that’s what happened I mean you don’t have an ice sheet that’s you know a mile to two miles thick covering 7 million square miles of land without having a polar climate and yet within a few thousand years the ice sheets were gone the polar climate had shifted to the modern temperate climate of Canada in the northern United States today how do you explain that nobody has an

explanation for that at this point but it was it was orders of magnitude greater in severity than anything we’ve experienced in our lifetimes so it’s all a matter of perspective I guess is what I’m getting to I mean it it seems like there’s many of these events that you you are finding through your research and they’re they’re happening all over the world there are these impacts and some that don’t leave these impacts at all and so

you know I think and the awareness of of this topic is the the first step but yes also in mainstream science there seems to be this this very widely held opposition to these ideas it’s as if they just don’t want to accept reality I mean I don’t know what it is but it seems like you’ve been you know held back from pursuing this I mean many of the people that we’ve had on the show that address what some would call counterculture issues have you know been

threatened with their tenure I mean there’s there’s many many ways that they have been threatened from pursuing their research further just so that we can understand better who we are as a human species why why do you think there’s so much pushback in the memes well I think there’s a lot of politics are involved you know money money is a big part of it money power politics yeah I mean you know the whole I think I think of it as

the global warming juggernaut I mean right from the outset you got to understand that the Mandate of the IPCC was to make the case that humans are mainly responsible for climate change so in that case you know with that mindset right from the outset we’re we’re not going to look at the Sun we’re not going to look at changes in the jus magnetic field that could be a big factor we’re not going to look at the amount of of dust or in the atmosphere that is a

consequence of volcanism or even the result of encounters with you know getting back to the meteor stream model you know the end result of this process of disintegration basically is cosmic dust and you know Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe saying did a lot of work on this back in the 70s and 80s showing what would happen in terms of global cooling with the in the the accretion of cosmic dust and nobody’s ever really refuted it it’s

basically just been ignored and what was happening I think is that you know we started sending up solar satellites and observing the Sun like within the last quarter century twenty last twenty to thirty years right until we had those satellites in place and really started making detailed studies of the Sun nobody could say for sure that the Sun was a major player in global climate change well now in tandem with the scenarios emerging about global warming

we’re learning about the Sun and that it’s a much bigger player in global change than anybody had imagined but it’s still being basically ignored to this to this day and so everything that’s basically happening now the attempt is to lay it at the feet of human activity and you know we hear about the green New Deal and that we’re gonna have you know catastrophe you know in less than 12 years somebody came out recently saying well we only have 18

months well I’m old enough to remember that we’ve had these predictions now going on for 30 years and they’ve never happened yet and I think that the reason they haven’t happened is because the science is flawed and you can’t get a an accurate assessment of climate change or global change or environmental change if you’re ignoring the natural factors that we know have been operational on any timescale we can look at since the world

began and they’re not going to stop they’re not going to stop influencing the climate they’re not going to stop influencing the environment they’re gonna keep right on and here’s my point is there’s going to be global warming and global cooling you could take every human on earth and we could go extinct and the climate is still gonna change it’s sometimes there’s going to be global warming where it’s warmer than now and other times it’s going to be

global cooling and and you know since since the turn of the 19th century the estimate is that we’ve global average temperatures raised raised by about one degree right about one degree and it has because we were in like I was saying before the Little Ice Age was probably almost certainly the coldest three or four centuries of the entire ten twelve thousand years of the Holocene right during the Little Ice Age glaciers worldwide grew to their greatest extent

that they had been in 10,000 years so the end of the Little Ice Age coincides exactly with the beginning of us monitoring global temperature so it’s almost like saying okay well we started monitoring the global temperature in February and now in June it’s warmer way warmer than it was three months ago well you have to look again at the context see well of course it’s going to be warmer on average if it’s going to be May or June and it is in February or

March but that’s natural see we’re looking at such a small slice of time it’s not really accurate for us to extrapolate from looking at a hundred years of climate data to know what’s going on so we have to resort to paleo climatological data the proxies that Nature has provided for us to understand global change in the past and when we do that and we have a context for understanding what’s going on now we realize that ok so mmm it’s not as

extreme or freakish as I thought it was you know I mean we’re talking you know California’s had droughts that have lasted for 20 years 30 years and this was long before the Industrial Revolution and in every one of those we could we could address in the same way so I think that you know big mistake to ignore the Sun big mistake to ignore the the natural factors that we now know cause climate change and this is not to say that humans are not a factor because

we are and we certainly do need to get our act in order but I’m more concerned with a particulate pollution which is not carbon dioxide I’m more concerned with plastics in the ocean things that you can actually see and that we could address and do something about if the resources and the incentive was there and I’m all for protecting endangered species which mostly is due to habitat loss rather than climate change so you know we need to figure out ways to

create safe havens for species and realize that you know habitat loss is the biggest contributing factor to the extinction of species so if we can begin to set aside reserves places where species can thrive but we also have to bear in mind that it’s natural for species to go extinct they do that no matter what we do some species are gonna go extinct and most of the extinctions of the last hundred to 200 years that could be have been Island

extinctions because Island Ecology’s are they don’t have the diversity that helps one you know the diversified system that contributes to survival and most of the extinctions that have taken place on islands was the result of invasive species and it was not and enough really nothing to do with climate change it had more to do with with species that came in the displaced existing species and those Island extinction events they’re

pretty much historical now I mean they’re done with so we’re not gonna really run into that anymore so the main concern would be habitat loss and far far more of a factor than then a half a degree or a one degree warming and average global temperature but even there see what I’m getting at is that there are studies and I have dozens and dozens as these studies in my collection looking that the Sun may have contributed half a conservatively half

of the warming of the last hundred years then on the other hand you’ve also got the urban heat island effect and this was another factor that’s been ignored into computer models the the fact that you know when we started most temperature data collection stations in the early or late nineteenth early late 1800s Early 1900s were rural based most of them are at airports and those airports generally were rural well in the ensuing development of a hundred

hundred and twenty years those of course we didn’t have Airport – till the 1920s and 30s but even before that they were still mostly rural and so the cities have grown you know the amount of asphalt and concrete and heat trapping materials has grown exponentially and there has not been adequate accounting for the amount of warming that would occur in the record based upon the earth in Thailand effect and in fact some studies have suggested it could be a

third to half of the one degree increase in average global temperature of the last hundred years could be blamed on the urban heat island effect because you know yourself I mean you can start looking at them like weather reports and depending on a lot of factors quite often you will see that the major urban areas are two three four degrees warmer than the surrounding rural areas and that’s because the concrete the machinery the asphalt all of that is

absorbing heat and then that heat is are irradiated at night and that will cause a it’ll contaminate the purity of the temperature data that you’re looking at see so they’re they’re attempting to correct for that right now but what it seems to be showing up is it may be one third to one half of the warming increase of the last hundred years might be it’s real but it’s urban heat island rather than carbon dioxide so as soon as you get away from the urban areas and

the masses of concrete you know in my building business one of the things we do is we design structures to take advantage of the of the thermal capacity of various materials such as concrete and stone when we design a building or a house we want to get solar gain during the day when the Sun is accessible and then at night when the Sun is not there the the thermal energy that has been absorbed into the stone or the concrete or whatever the thermal mass is now

reradiating into the space so it’s it’s the same concept Wow Randall I mean what an amazing interview I mean you are loaded with research and it’s clear that you know people such as yourself are trailblazing this path for others and I mean you’ve got quite the following many of your fans in the chat tonight talking about your work very enthusiastic about what you’re doing and they love you know absorbing all this information you’ve clearly done the

research and the work and you know hopefully and there’s it seems like there’s a lot of work for us as humans to do to better understand the the cycles of our planet and you know maybe if we were lucky enough to have the support of the mainstream and science maybe that process would speed up but you know maybe we just need a close call for that to happen a closer call you know you know yeah that I’ve said the same thing for at least a decade now a

close call or even I hate to say it in a strike you know a repeat of 1908 I think would be a big wake-up call because I really do think that you know we’re spending so much time now especially you know with the confrontational geopolitics you know warfare you know preparation for war and and all the saber rattling that’s going on I look at all of that as being just basically contrived differences and we’re really all on the same planet we’re all in the

same boat and really the big issues affect all of us and I think we’re wasting a lot of time and effort and attention on these you know these made up conflicts when really you know what I’d like to see is an international program to you know offload our industrial civilization from the planet which we could essentially do that the the engineers have had plans on the under drawing board since the 1970s you know once you get outside the atmosphere

solar energy becomes really a viable way of powering systems of powering factories and we could see it happening you know a lot of the it’s it’s really an encouraging thing to me that a lot of the private billionaires from Elon Musk to Richard Branson and Oh Amazon Jeff Bezos they’re all very interested now in the the private exploration and economic development of this resources of space and I’m all for that because I tend to think that human

beings our ultimate vindication is that we will become guardians of this planet and we have we have had 10,000 years now where we’ve been between major global catastrophes right but when we look back at the record of the last quarter million to half million years what we see is over and over again there have been these enormous extreme spasms within the natural order any one of which could cause major havoc with species habitat loss could pull the plug

on modern civilization could literally lead to a billion or more deaths and basically what we’re seeing within the context of the bigger picture is that we’ve had the longest period of generally stable climate that we can see in the last quarter million years and it’s given us the opportunity to evolve as a culture and a civilization a technologically based civilization as we have and so now we’re in a position where we can we have the technologies to

understand the cretaceous-tertiary events to understand the Younger Dryas events to understand the Tunguska event and reconstruct it a hundred years ago we didn’t see right now we have the technology to understand yeah the Sun is a variable star and sometimes it gets hyperactive and when it does the consequences to our civilization could be profound see so it’s it’s like we need to be taking all of this into account and realizing that

yeah if there’s even a small impact it could be ecologically devastating to the biosphere and we have the ability to prevent that now does that put a moral mandate honest I kind of think it does and this is why I would oppose any effort to scale back our industrial civilization i I think we need to move forward and by moving forward you know if we look since you know I’m old enough now to remember when you know living up in the Midwest well you can’t swim in

Lake Michigan because it’s too polluted or Lake Huron especially well it’s now the fish are back you know we we evolved culturally to where we could now we because we weren’t preoccupied on a day-to-day business of survival we were able to now turn our attention to the larger environment and say yeah it’s not good to Lake Huron is poison it’s not good that there’s we’re dumping this crap into there the rivers let’s fix that and we have been fixing it and we

need to continue fixing it but going back to the Stone Age is not going to be or going back to a feudal system it’s not going to be the answer because basically at that point now we are vulnerable our civilization is vulnerable and the planet is involved is vulnerable and like you said the next impact is inevitable it’s just a matter of when and the magnitude of it yeah Randall I mean you you said it here man it it really does seem that you know

technology if P if people just spent less time you know on their phones looking down at them and maybe I started looking around at what was going on around them as well that that maybe we would I mean but there is something to be said for you know conversations like this and the ability to communicate with someone across the world I mean it’s allowing us to generate information collections of information that we would have never been able to to

collect before at the rate at which we’re doing it and it’s it’s virtually Lightspeed so you know there’s there’s a lot happening there’s a lot changing and it’s time that we grow up as a species time that we start looking at this as a responsibility that we have well said for you know for the sake of our children’s children that you know we hand them a world that is habitable and I wonder about that sometimes but Randall I mean this is there’s been such

a amazing interview I you know I we that we’ve gone over a bunch of different things is there anything that I could have asked you that you want to talk about that but I haven’t mentioned or brought up yet Oh save you there’s lots of things okay maybe maybe one would be the the legacy of traditions that we’ve inherited from the past from the people our ancestors that have have lived and died and experienced things that we’re talking about there’s a whole legacy of

of traditions mythology and legends and folklore symbolic systems that have been preserved in various venues through oral traditions through architecture through sacred writings that can be to me is kind of like the other dimension of this is that we turn from you know the modern technological perspective and we see that we have this traditional perspective that can so powerfully complement and enhance the scientific worldview and and that would be again a

subject for a whole other conversation we could get into talking about the various myths the stories of the great deluge the stories of the the alternating destruction of the world by fire and water the stories about you know some advanced civilization whether it’s hyperborea or Atlantis or any of the number of names that that have been given to it you know the Garden of Eden there are many of these themes that have come down to us this is not to say I’m

not saying oh you know if we go back they were you know driving cars and flying airplanes and doing all of this kind of stuff because we could be talking about technological advancements here that wouldn’t look anything at all like our modern industrially made civilization and and and so I’ve done a considerable amount of research into what that kind of a civilization could possibly look like and of course in the aftermath of a

global catastrophe or or cataclysmic event it would be very difficult to find the hard evidence you know you could have an advanced civilization that is not producing plastics right that’s not building automobiles although you know if you take an automobile put it out in you know in a field and sits there you know 200 years from now you wouldn’t find anything of that automobile you know it’s gonna brushed it away so you know you could take in

fact there’s not much within within 10,000 years if if we just walked away from our modern civilization and just left it to the vicissitudes of nature what would we see in 10,000 years to tell us that we had existed and and built this amazing civilization with our great cities and airports and you know highway systems on what would remain nothing nothing you could see except a few isolated examples such as the Great Pyramids of Egypt possibly probably

Mount Rushmore as long as there was no seismic shaking of that area that caused the collapse of the rock faces you would still have Mount Rushmore there but see and that’s without even a catastrophe intervening you start throwing catastrophes into the mix like I’ve been studying and you realize how much geomorphic remodeling takes place during some of these I mean yeah there are whole landscapes that are buried under thousands of miles of sediment there are

other and that sediment was other landscapes that got stripped away and eroded by these intensely erosive events see people don’t understand it you know we’re talking about for example floods from twelve or thirteen thousand fourteen thousand years ago that were that are measured in hundreds of millions of cubic feet per second even some of those smaller floods are on a scale where you couldn’t reproduce them today because they would require every

single River Creek and stream on earth all flowing together times 10 or 20 so I mean this is the scale I mean we’re talking about you know floods that would wash away any urban area that existed on earth were they struck by such a flood you you know you can’t even imagine a flow of water that’s a thousand or 1500 feet or even 2,000 feet deep moving at 50 or 60 or 70 miles an hour in the aftermath of a flood like that nothing is going to remain and what I’m

describing is not science fiction it’s real it’s well-documented and this is something you know they did you a cosmic Rex website we’ve got a lot of videos and graphics Cameron on the sacred geometry website has quite a bit of that stuff to show that yeah these outsized events have been a part of Earth history and we need to understand why and we need to you know address that too you know with the question of could such a thing happen again now as far as

those particular floods it’s not likely that would happen again because those floods were generated by the rapid catastrophic melting of the great ice sheets but how you would have gigantic floods like that is a small asteroid falling into one of the world’s oceans producing a tsunami that makes landfall and it’s two or three hundred feet high or higher Wow Randall thank you so much why don’t you give us you know where where people can find your work the

website are you doing any conferences where can people find your work in any conferences that you might yeah there’s a couple of things coming up and I don’t have this dates or time but this fall I’ve got several things that I’m going to be doing one in Minnesota and one in Arkansas at Little Rock I may be doing some more tours I did a tour I led a tour I took about 75 people out into the field for over ten days in Colorado in

May and we mostly were exploring geological features and archeological features so we were looking at the The Lost Chaco and culture of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado I might be doing a field trip this fall we’ll just have to see how the time works out I what happens is you know I’ve been doing a lot of writing and I’ve been working for what three or four years now in a book and it’s just trying to get this book finished but I keep doing too many

things I keep going places and you know doing podcasts and things instead of finishing my book so oh well okay so guys we’re gonna get out of here what we went super late we were late to arrive so we we let it go a little bit longer so you guys could hear it that’s gonna do it for us thank you so much for listening if you’re listening to this on the YouTube version and please click the subscribe button make sure you click the bell so you get

notified when we go live if you’re listening to this on the podcast version get over to YouTube and search for the human experience podcast you can find out when we go live there if you’re interested in finding our live shows one other thing you can do if you’re listening to us on in the podcast version is you can just spread the word of of the show one of the most common things that I’m hearing common themes that I’m hearing from people is that

we’ve interviewed these amazing guests amazing authors amazing researchers but people haven’t found our work yet so if you can get on iTunes and leave us a review that would help us a lot it’s probably the biggest compliment that you can give us is a review on iTunes so thank you so much for listening my guest Randall Carlson tonight what a pleasure and we’re gonna get out of here we’ll see you guys next week

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